Working principle and operating status of permanent magnet generator
A permanent magnet generator refers to a power generation device that converts mechanical energy from thermal energy to electrical energy. Permanent magnet generators have the advantages of small size, low loss, and high efficiency. Due to the increasing emphasis on energy conservation and environmental protection in permanent magnet generators, it is necessary to conduct research on them. Brushless technology can be implemented in many situations, so it is often used for small and micro motors. When using a variable frequency power supply, permanent magnet motors can also be used in speed control transmission systems. With the continuous improvement and perfection of the performance of permanent magnet materials, permanent magnet motors have been widely used in various fields such as household appliances, medical equipment, automobiles, aviation, and national defense.
Working principle of permanent magnet generator:
The generator has two rotors and one stator. The rotor is on both sides of the stator. The rotor is composed of a circle of permanent magnets. The power and voltage of the generator depend on the size of the permanent magnet, coil diameter, and number of turns.
The electric vehicle motor is a disc motor with an iron core, which can generate electricity without modification. When there is a load during power generation, it will sink. The powerful magnets for making permanent magnet generators are very expensive. If you want to play, you can make a small one. There are small strong magnets in the motor of scrapped electric vehicles that can be played with.
The stator structure and working principle of permanent magnet generators are the same as those of AC asynchronous motors, mostly in the form of four poles. The three-phase winding is arranged in a four pole configuration and generates a four pole rotating magnetic field when energized.
The difference between permanent magnet synchronous motor and ordinary asynchronous motor lies in the rotor structure. The permanent magnetic pole is installed on the rotor, and the permanent magnetic pole is installed on the circumferential surface of the rotor core. The polarity of the magnetic pole and the magnetic flux are to the right. This is a 4-pole rotor. According to the principle of low magnetic resistance, the magnetic flux always closes along the path with low magnetic resistance, and the rotor is pulled to rotate by magnetic attraction. Therefore, the permanent magnet rotor will rotate synchronously with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator.
Permanent magnet generator is an energy-saving product. The permanent magnet rotor structure eliminates the excitation power required to generate the rotor magnetic field and the mechanical losses caused by friction between the carbon brush and the slip ring, greatly improving the efficiency of the permanent magnet generator. Ordinary excitation generators have an average efficiency of only 45% to 55% in the speed range of 1500 rpm to 6000 rpm, while the average efficiency of permanent magnet generators can reach as high as 75% to 80%.
Adopting a self starting voltage regulator, no external excitation power supply is required. A generator can generate electricity as long as it rotates. When the battery is damaged, as long as the engine is running, the car charging system can still work normally. If the car does not have a battery, ignition can also be achieved by shaking the handlebars or sliding the car.
